Openness to experiment, enthusiasm, solidarity, looking to the future, as well as disagreement with the character of the museum’s functioning at that time – all these were the characteristics of artists who in four different countries, on different continents, in their own distinct socio-political realities, decided to take on the task of redefining the concept of museum. As a result, they built up their own collections and exhibition spaces, conceived as the very seeds of avant-garde museums to come.